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Dehydration

Three quarters of a body’s weight is water. When there is more water going out of the body than coming in, the result is volume depletion or dehydration. We naturally lose water breathing, sweating and urinating on any given day. That is why we have to drink enough water each day to replace what we normally lose.

Symptoms

  • Thirst
  • Dry mouth, lightheadedness
  • Reduction in tears and sweat
  • In severe cases, muscle cramps, nausea, heart palpitations
  • In extreme cases confusion, weakness, shock and eventually death

Who is at risk?

Anyone not taking in enough water during exercise, while sick (with vomiting and/or diarrhea), when sunburned or without any access to drinking water is at risk for dehydration. Children are at a greater risk because their bodies are comprised of a greater percentage of water and their metabolic rate consumes more water.

Treatment

Fluid replacement is the first treatment, preferably by mouth, but if you are unable to take fluids orally, then intravenous fluids under a physician’s direction may be necessary. Water provides the best hydration, but it is acceptable to try clear broths, popsicles, Jello and electrolyte beverages. Avoid any soft drinks that are loaded with sugar or corn syrup.

Emergency Warning Signs: When should I see a doctor?

If the patient appears confused, sleepy or unconscious, get emergency help.